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<p>Новая: &#039;&#039;&#039;Гунпе́й Ёко́й&#039;&#039;&#039;, или &#039;&#039;&#039;Гумпей Ёкой&#039;&#039;&#039; ((横井 軍平 Ёкой Гунпей, 10 сентября 1941 — 4 октября 1997) был одним из ва...</p> <p><b>Новая страница</b></p><div>'''Гунпе́й Ёко́й''', или '''Гумпей Ёкой''' ((横井 軍平 Ёкой Гунпей, 10 сентября 1941 — 4 октября 1997) был одним из важнейших лиц комании [[Nintendo]], а также в истории видеоигр в целом. Он был продюсером таких известных торговых марок видеоигр как ''Metroid'' и ''Kid Icarus'', а также движущей силой в разработках [[Game Boy]] и других важных технологий Nintendo.<br /> <br /> &lt;!--==Nintendo==<br /> <br /> ===Игры\Игрушки===<br /> Nintendo, a company over 100 years old, has sold a number of different products ranging from a card game called [[Hanafunda]] in the late 1800s to video games in the present day. Yokoi began working at the company in 1965 after graduating college with a degree in electronics and started out working on the assembly line for the Hanafunda cards.<br /> <br /> In 1970, [[Hiroshi Yamauchi]], president of Nintendo at the time, came to Yokoi and asked him to develop something for the Christmas rush. Yokoi responded the next day, presenting the [[Ultra Hand]], an expanding arm toy that Yokoi had designed for his own amusement. The Ultra Hand was a huge success, selling 1.2 million units. Yokoi would also develop many other toys during Nintendo's toy era, including the [[Ten Billion Barrel]] puzzle, a baseball throwing machine called the Ultra Machine and a Love Tester. Another invention of his, in collaboration with [[Masayuki Uemoura]] from [[Sharp]], were the Nintendo Beam Gun Games, the precursor to the [[NES Zapper]].<br /> <br /> ===Game &amp; Watch===<br /> Nintendo eventually began to sell video games, and Yamauchi asked Yokoi to come up with something once the change to video games was made. The result was Nintendo's popular [[Game &amp; Watch]] series of handhelds. Game &amp; Watch games were individual handheld games about the size of a credit card, and featured an [[LCD]]-display. Some consider the small handhelds to be a prototype of the Game Boy, which would be released later and prove to be Yokoi's greatest work. These games also featured a &quot;control-cross,&quot; which many video game enthusiasts today know as the [[D-Pad]]. <br /> <br /> The Game &amp;amp; Watch series saw 59 titles between 1980 and 1986. Many popular arcade games were translated into Game &amp; Watch titles, including ''[[Donkey Kong]]'' and ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]'', which Yokoi helped to create alongside [[Shigeru Miyamoto]]. Many of these Game &amp;amp; Watch titles were put onto large compilations for the [[Game Boy]] series of handhelds, and included classic as well as reinvented versions of ''Ball'', ''Flagman'', ''Oil Panic'', and ''Fire'' among other titles. These are known as the ''[[Game &amp; Watch Gallery]]'' series.<br /> <br /> ===Research &amp;amp; Development 1===<br /> Nintendo began assigning its chief engineers to head their own divisons as the electronic industry boomed in the late seventies. Yokoi was appointed to the general manager of the [[Nintendo Research &amp;amp; Development 1|Research and Development]] 1 (R&amp;amp;D1) group. R&amp;amp;D1 consisted of fifty-five designers, programmers, and engineers. It was with this group that Yokoi came up with many new ideas for Nintendo as it entered into the video games market.<br /> <br /> Before Miyamoto got his own R&amp;amp;D department in 1984, Gunpei Yokoi helped to produce many of his famous arcade games like ''[[Donkey Kong]]'', ''[[Donkey Kong Jr.]]'', and ''[[Super Mario Bros.]]''. In 1985, Yokoi and his R&amp;D department were responsible for ''[[Kid Icarus]]'', as well as the first title in one of Nintendo's longest running series, ''[[Metroid]]''. Later in 1986, a part of Yokoi's R&amp;amp;D1 group branched off to form [[Intelligent Systems]], and Yokoi later produced ''[[Battle Clash]]'', ''[[Tetris Attack]]'' (scored by [[Masaya Kuzume]]), and ''[[Fire Emblem: Seisen no Keifu]]'' (scored by [[Yuka Tsujiyoko]]) along-side them.<br /> <br /> R&amp;amp;D1 was also responsible for the Robotic Operating Buddy ([[R.O.B.]]) accessory for the [[Famicom]].<br /> <br /> The remaining members of R&amp;amp;D1 remained with Yokoi, and they began developing what would become one of Nintendo's most profitable products, the [[Game Boy]].<br /> <br /> ===Game Boy===<br /> Yokoi's greatest work was the [[Game Boy]] handheld, released in 1989. The Game Boy was a small, although bulky, handheld that appeared to be the successor to the [[Game &amp; Watch]] games. However, the Game Boy played numerous games through cartridge-based gameplay, and presented games on a monochromatic screen (essentially black and green). In short, it was all the portability of the Game &amp;amp; Watch titles but with the cartridge interchanging capabilities of the [[Famicom]]. During its Game &amp;amp; Watch days, Nintendo marketed the handhelds at an affordable price, yet keeping a standard of high quality, which transitioned into the Game Boy. This marketing technique has proven very effective for Nintendo, and has helped to beat out many competitors. <br /> <br /> One of the Game Boy's longest traditions has been to provide the user with an affordable product with a decent battery life. Even though higher-ups at Nintendo wanted a full-color screen version of the Game Boy (because other competitors like the [[Game Gear]] and [[Atari Lynx]] were full-color handhelds), Yokoi refused to release a color version until technology permitted a color handheld that would last a significant period under the power of a few batteries. Indeed, Yokoi's standard of high quality saw the Game Boy, with a superior game library and long battery life, dominate the handheld market while the color screen Game Gear and Atari Lynx failed due to high battery consumption.<br /> <br /> Yokoi and Nintendo even played a joke on fans who demanded a color Game Boy by revealing a line of Game Boys which had been painted various colors on the outside. The screen was still colorless; the change was merely cosmetic. In 1996, the [[Game_Boy_line#Game_Boy_Pocket|Game Boy Pocket]] updated the monochrome screen with a true black-and-white one and slimmer profile. Finally, in 1998, the [[Game Boy Color]] was released, a full-color version of the Game Boy. Keeping with Yokoi's standards (he had already passed away by then), the Game Boy Color required 2 AA (compared to 4 AA for the original) batteries and had approximately the same battery consumption rate.<br /> <br /> Many games for the Game Boy were developed by Yokoi and R&amp;amp;D1. Due to its success, they were assigned to develop exclusively for the Game Boy. Some of them include the ''[[Super Mario Land]]'' series, ''[[Metroid II: Return of Samus]]'', and the puzzler ''[[Dr. Mario]]''.<br /> <br /> ===Virtual Boy===<br /> Gunpei Yokoi had become one of Nintendo's most respected members with his developing of the Game Boy alongside his other achievements. However, his success was shadowed by a dark period when he developed the [[Virtual Boy]], a home console which presented games in red and black. While the Virtual Boy did present a level of [[3-D]], the red presented by the machine often irritated many gamers' eyes, and the machine itself was also fairly uncomfortable to use. The system also had a very small library. As a result, the Virtual Boy flopped both in and outside of [[Japan]]. Yokoi was crushed by the Virtual Boy's failure and the disaster had many at Nintendo questioning Yokoi's capabilities. According to an episode of ''Icons'' on [[G4_(TV_channel)|G4]], Yokoi was treated as an outcast before handing in his resignation on [[August 15]], [[1996]], only days after the [[Game Boy Pocket]] was released.<br /> <br /> ==After Nintendo==<br /> <br /> ===Koto Laboratory===<br /> Soon after he left Nintendo, Yokoi began the company [[Koto Laboratory]] in Kyoto. There he began development of the [[WonderSwan]], a handheld developed in partnership between Koto and [[Bandai]]. Yokoi never saw the final product of the Wonderswan, which was released in 1999, long after his death. The first game released for the WonderSwan was named &quot;Gunpey&quot; in his honor. <br /> <br /> ===Death===<br /> On [[October 4]], [[1997]], Yokoi was killed in a car accident. He was riding in a car driven by Etsuo Kis&amp;#333;, a businessman from [[Kyoto]]. Seeing a car accident, Kis&amp;#333; and Yokoi pulled over to examine the damage of two automobiles. While examining, a car driven by Iwao Tsushima of [[Yamanakamachi]], [[Ishikawa Prefecture]], slammed into the two men. Yokoi was taken to a hospital and pronounced dead two hours later. Kis&amp;#333; endured two broken bones, while Tsushima and his wife were mildly injured.<br /> <br /> ==Awards and Recognition==<br /> *Yokoi received the [[Lifetime Achievement Award]] at the [[Game Developers Choice Awards]] ceremony on March 6, 2003.<br /> *[[G4]] ran an episode of ''Icons'' with the Game Boy as the topic. Much of the episode talks about Yokoi, his position prior to the Game Boy, and his death.<br /> <br /> ==See also==<br /> *[[Shigeru Miyamoto]]<br /> *[[Satoru Okada]]<br /> *[[Hiroshi Yamauchi]]<br /> <br /> ==External links==<br /> *[http://www.gamecubicle.com/news-nintendo_gunpei_yokio_lifetime_achievement_award.htm Gunpei Yokoi's Lifetime Achievement Award]<br /> *[http://gaysucks.tripod.com/teamcbr/id12.html Gunpei Yokoi]<br /> *[http://www.n-sider.com/articleview.php?articleid=270 N-Sider Profile: Gunpei Yokoi]<br /> *[http://www.n-sider.com/articleview.php?articleid=482 N-Sider: History of R&amp;amp;D 1]<br /> --&gt;<br /> <br /> [[Категория:Знаменитые люди]]</div>

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